![]() In the example above, the common ratio r is 2, and the scale factor a is 1. Where a n refers to the n th term in the sequenceĪ is the scale factor and r is the common ratio The general form of a geometric sequence can be written as: Using the same number sequence in the previous example, find the sum of the arithmetic sequence through the 5 th term: EX:Ī geometric sequence is a number sequence in which each successive number after the first number is the multiplication of the previous number with a fixed, non-zero number (common ratio). It is also commonly desirable, and simple, to compute the sum of an arithmetic sequence using the following formula in combination with the previous formula to find a n: n × (a 1 + a n) Looking back at the listed sequence, it can be seen that the 5th term, a 5, found using the equation, matches the listed sequence as expected. Using the equation above to calculate the 5 th term: EX: a 5 = a 1 + f × (n-1) It is clear in the sequence above that the common difference f, is 2. The general form of an arithmetic sequence can be written as: This difference can either be positive or negative, and dependent on the sign will result in terms of the arithmetic sequence tending towards positive or negative infinity. Arithmetic SequenceĪn arithmetic sequence is a number sequence in which the difference between each successive term remains constant. Indexing involves writing a general formula that allows the determination of the n th term of a sequence as a function of n. In cases that have more complex patterns, indexing is usually the preferred notation. There are multiple ways to denote sequences, one of which involves simply listing the sequence in cases where the pattern of the sequence is easily discernible. They are particularly useful as a basis for series (essentially describe an operation of adding infinite quantities to a starting quantity), which are generally used in differential equations and the area of mathematics referred to as analysis. Sequences are used to study functions, spaces, and other mathematical structures. A series is convergent if the sequence converges to some limit, while a sequence that does not converge is divergent. ![]() Sequences have many applications in various mathematical disciplines due to their properties of convergence. There are many different types of number sequences, three of the most common of which include arithmetic sequences, geometric sequences, and Fibonacci sequences. In a number sequence, the order of the sequence is important, and depending on the sequence, it is possible for the same terms to appear multiple times. The individual elements in a sequence is often referred to as term, and the number of terms in a sequence is called its length, which can be infinite. Accordingly, a number sequence is an ordered list of numbers that follow a particular pattern. In mathematics, a sequence is an ordered list of objects. as a ratio of two positive integers.Example: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 11, 13. Ĭ) Find r given that a 1 = 10 and a 20 = 10 -18ĭ) write the rational number 0.9717171. S = a 1 / (1 - r) = 0.31 / (1 - 0.01) = 0.31 / 0.99 = 31 / 99Īnswer the following questions related to geometric sequences:Ī) Find a 20 given that a 3 = 1/2 and a 5 = 8ī) Find a 30 given that the first few terms of a geometric sequence are given by -2, 1, -1/2, 1/4. ![]() Hence the use of the formula for an infinite sum of a geometric sequence are those of a geometric sequence with a 1 = 0.31 and r = 0.01. We first write the given rational number as an infinite sum as followsĥ.313131. These are the terms of a geometric sequence with a 1 = 8 and r = 1/4 and therefore we can use the formula for the sum of the terms of a geometric sequence a_n = a_1 \dfracĪn examination of the terms included in the sum areĨ, 8× ((1/4) 1, 8×((1/4) 2. The sum of the first n terms of a geometric sequence is given by Where a 1 is the first term of the sequence and r is the common ratio which is equal to 4 in the above example. The terms in the sequence may also be written as follows 2 is the first term of the sequence and 4 is the common ratio. ![]() Has been obtained starting from 2 and multiplying each term by 4. Problems and exercises involving geometric sequences, along with answers are presented. Geometric sequences are used in several branches of applied mathematics to engineering, sciences, computer sciences, biology, finance. Geometric Sequences Problems with Solutions Geometric Sequences Problems with Solutions ![]()
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